7 Tips for Snowshoeing in the Backcountry: Expert Advice for Winter Adventures

August 12, 2024 8 min read

Snowshoeing in the backcountry offers an incredible opportunity to connect with nature and explore off-the-beaten-path terrains. As you prepare for your adventure, considering essential tips can make the experience safer and more enjoyable. Proper preparation and knowledge are key for a successful backcountry snowshoeing trip.

Snowshoers trek through a serene winter landscape, surrounded by snow-covered trees and mountains. The sun glistens off the fresh powder as they follow a trail into the backcountry

Venturing into the wilderness during winter requires attention to specific details that differ from typical hiking or trekking. You'll face unique challenges such as unpredictable weather and deep snow. With the right guidance, you can navigate these conditions confidently.

1) Choose the Right Gear

When snowshoeing in the backcountry, select snowshoes that match the terrain you will encounter. For deep powder, larger snowshoes provide better flotation. For icy, steep areas, compact models with crampons offer better grip.

Boots are crucial. Opt for waterproof and insulated boots to keep your feet warm and dry. Ensure your boots fit comfortably with your chosen snowshoes.

Dress in layers. Base layers of moisture-wicking fabric help keep you dry. Add insulating mid-layers and waterproof outer layers to protect against wind and snow.

Don't forget gaiters. They prevent snow from entering your boots and keep your lower legs warm.

Use trekking poles with snow baskets. They provide stability and reduce strain on your legs during ascents and descents.

Carry essential safety gear. An avalanche beacon, probe, and shovel are must-haves in avalanche-prone areas. Make sure you know how to use them.

A sturdy backpack is necessary. It should have enough space for food, water, extra clothing, and emergency supplies.

Pack a map, compass, and GPS device. Reliable navigation tools ensure you stay on course in challenging conditions.

Consider your hydration system. Insulated bottles or hydration packs with thermal sleeves keep your water from freezing.

Headlamps are vital. Winter days are short, and you might find yourself snowshoeing in the dark. Bring extra batteries to be safe.

2) Wear Moisture-Wicking Layers

When snowshoeing in the backcountry, it's essential to dress in moisture-wicking layers. These specialized fabrics are designed to pull sweat away from your body, keeping you dry and comfortable.

Start with a moisture-wicking base layer. Look for options made from synthetic materials like polyester or natural fibers like merino wool. These fabrics help regulate your body temperature better than cotton, which tends to retain moisture.

Your middle layer should also have moisture-wicking properties. Fleece or lightweight insulated jackets are good choices. They provide warmth while still managing moisture effectively.

Ensure your outer layer is breathable and water-resistant. Look for jackets and pants with features like vents to allow excess heat and moisture to escape.

Don't forget your extremities. Wear moisture-wicking socks, gloves, and hat. Keeping these areas dry is crucial for maintaining overall warmth and comfort during your trek.

By layering effectively, you'll stay dry, warm, and ready to tackle any challenge that the backcountry throws your way.

3) Learn About Avalanche Safety

Understanding avalanche safety is crucial. Being aware of the risks can save your life. Avalanches are common in backcountry areas and can occur without warning.

Start by learning to recognize avalanche-prone areas. Slopes between 30 and 45 degrees are the most dangerous. Look out for signs like recent avalanches, cracking snow, and “whumpfing” sounds.

Take a certified avalanche safety course. These courses teach you how to use essential equipment like avalanche beacons, probes, and shovels. Practical training in rescue techniques and snowpack assessment is also included.

Carry an avalanche transceiver, probe, and shovel every time you go out. Make sure they are in good working order. Practice using them regularly so you’re ready in an emergency.

Always check the local avalanche forecast before heading out. These forecasts provide updates on current risks and conditions. Follow their advice to decide if it’s safe to venture out.

Travel with a buddy and maintain visual contact. Spacing out while traveling can minimize the risk of triggering an avalanche that could affect the whole group. Communicate regularly about your observations and plans.

Know how to respond if an avalanche occurs. Move to the side if you see one starting above you. If you're caught, try to swim to stay on top of the snow.

Lastly, trust your instincts. If something feels off, it’s better to turn back and stay safe. Your life isn’t worth the risk.

4) Plan Your Route in Advance

Snowshoes strapped on, map in hand, hiker plans route in snowy backcountry. Trees and mountains in background

Careful planning of your route is essential for a successful snowshoeing trip. Begin by researching your destination thoroughly. Check trail maps, guidebooks, and online resources to familiarize yourself with the area.

Take note of potential hazards such as steep slopes or avalanche-prone zones. Understanding the terrain will help you avoid dangerous areas and choose a safer path.

Consult weather forecasts before your trip. Snow and weather conditions can change rapidly, affecting your chosen route. Always have a backup plan in case conditions become unfavorable.

Map out your path using a reliable topographic map or GPS device. This will help you stay oriented in the backcountry, even under challenging conditions.

Share your route plan with a friend or family member. Inform them of your expected return time and location. This practice ensures someone knows where you are in case of an emergency.

Consider the daylight hours available. Winter days are shorter, so plan your hikes to ensure you have enough daylight to complete your journey.

Pack essential navigation tools. Bring a compass, map, and GPS device. These tools are crucial for staying on track.

If you're new to snowshoeing or the backcountry, consider traveling with an experienced guide. They can offer valuable insights and help you navigate unfamiliar terrain.

5) Carry a Map and Compass

A map and compass lay on the snow next to a pair of snowshoes, surrounded by a serene backcountry landscape with snow-covered trees and distant mountains

Navigating through the backcountry requires proper tools. Always carry a detailed topographic map and a reliable compass. These tools are essential for understanding your position and planning your route.

Digital devices can fail due to battery drain or poor signal. A map and compass do not rely on batteries and can work in all conditions.

Keep your map in a waterproof container to protect it from snow and moisture. Make sure your compass is functional and accurate. It's good to familiarize yourself with the basics of map reading and compass use.

Many areas in the backcountry lack clear trail markers. A map and compass will help you find your way, especially in areas with dense forest or during snowstorms that limit visibility.

Before you head out, plan your route and mark key points. This preparation can save you time and prevent you from getting lost. Practice using your map and compass in a safe environment to build confidence.

When snowshoeing, it's easy to become disoriented, especially with snow-covered landscapes that look similar. The map and compass provide a tangible reference to keep you on track.

Remember, modern technology is helpful but not foolproof. Your map and compass are reliable backups that can make the difference between a great adventure and a dangerous situation. Always double-check your gear before leaving.

6) Check Weather Conditions

Snowshoes on a snowy trail, surrounded by tall trees and a clear blue sky. Wind blowing gently, with fresh snow covering the ground

Always check the weather forecast before heading out into the backcountry for snowshoeing. Weather in mountainous areas can change rapidly. This could affect your safety and the difficulty of your trek.

Look for information on temperature, wind speeds, and precipitation. These factors impact your comfort and safety. High winds and heavy snowfall can make trails impassable and increase the risk of avalanches.

Pay attention to avalanche reports in the area you plan to explore. Avalanches are a serious threat in the backcountry. Knowing the current risk level helps you make informed decisions about where to snowshoe.

Use multiple sources for weather updates. Websites, apps, and local ranger stations provide valuable information. Cross-referencing these can give you a clearer picture of what to expect.

Adapting your plans based on the forecast is crucial. If severe weather is predicted, consider rescheduling. It's better to be safe and enjoy your adventure under suitable conditions.

7) Start with Easy Terrain

Snowshoes on snowy trail with mountains in background. Trees and blue sky. Use Easy Terrain 7 Tips for Snowshoeing in the Backcountry as title

When snowshoeing, starting with easy terrain can help you build confidence. Choose flat or gently rolling trails. These areas are less challenging and provide a good introduction to the activity.

Beginners should avoid steep slopes and dense forests. These can be difficult to navigate, especially if you're still learning basic techniques. Instead, look for well-marked trails.

Familiarize yourself with the terrain by studying maps before you go. Many beginners find it beneficial to start in areas that have been previously packed down. This makes walking easier and reduces the risk of getting stuck in deep snow.

Snowshoeing on easy terrain can help you focus on mastering your equipment. It allows you to pay attention to how your snowshoes feel and how they interact with the snow. This can make subsequent, more challenging trails feel less daunting.

Understanding Snowshoeing Gear

Snowshoeing gear laid out on snow: snowshoes, poles, waterproof boots, layered clothing, backpack, map, compass, and snacks. Winter landscape with trees and mountains in the background

Choosing the right gear for snowshoeing is crucial. You’ll need the best snowshoes for your environment and proper clothing to stay comfortable and safe.

Types of Snowshoes

Snowshoes come in various styles tailored to different terrains and activities. Recreational snowshoes are designed for flat to rolling terrain and are perfect for beginners. Their broad design provides stability, making them easy to use.

Backcountry snowshoes are ideal for hilly or mountainous terrain. They offer aggressive traction and are more durable, suited for challenging trails. For running, aerobic or running snowshoes are lightweight with a streamlined shape. They provide speed and efficiency for packed, groomed trails.

When selecting snowshoes, consider weight ratings. Match the snowshoe size to your weight, including gear. Also, look at the binding system. Some bindings are more adjustable and secure than others, important for varied terrain.

Clothing and Layering

Dressing in layers is essential for snowshoeing to manage body heat and moisture. Start with a moisture-wicking base layer, such as a synthetic or merino wool top and bottom. These materials keep sweat away from your skin.

Add an insulating mid-layer, like a fleece or down jacket, to retain warmth. Choose insulation based on expected temperatures. The outer layer, or shell, should be waterproof and breathable. Gore-Tex jackets and pants are excellent choices for protection against wind and snow.

Don't forget accessories. Wear waterproof gloves, a warm hat, and a neck gaiter or balaclava. Waterproof boots with gaiters keep snow out and your feet dry, crucial for a comfortable trip. Opt for wool or synthetic socks to maintain warmth and prevent blisters.

Safety in the Backcountry

Safety in the backcountry involves being prepared with the right tools and knowledge. Understanding how to navigate and avoid avalanches is crucial.

Navigational Tools

Bringing proper navigational tools is essential. A topographic map and a reliable compass should be part of your gear. GPS devices and mobile apps can also be useful, though they should not replace traditional methods. Always carry extra batteries for electronic devices.

Learn how to read a map and use a compass. Understand key landmarks and your planned route. Carrying a physical map ensures you have a backup if electronic devices fail.

Regularly checking your position can prevent getting lost. Know how to use tools like altimeters and barometers for additional navigation support.

Avalanche Awareness

Avalanche awareness is vital. Before your trip, check the avalanche forecast for your area. Avalanche risk can change daily; always start with the latest data.

Carry essential tools like a beacon, probe, and shovel. Ensure everyone in your group has these items and knows their proper use. Practice using these tools before you need them in an emergency.

Travel in small groups and maintain communication. Stay within visual range of each other. Making conservative decisions regarding terrain and conditions is critical to reduce avalanche risk.

Techniques for Effective Snowshoeing

Mastering snowshoeing techniques ensures safety and efficiency on the trails. Focus on your posture and navigating different terrains.

Ascending and Descending

When ascending, lean slightly forward to maintain balance. Use the ball of your foot to press into the snow firmly.

Employ a rest step technique: pause briefly with each step to reduce fatigue.

For descending, lean back just a bit to counterbalance. Keep your knees slightly bent to absorb shock.

Use a zigzag pattern on steep slopes to minimize strain. Always place your heel down first to control speed.

Poles provide crucial support; plant them vertically for uphill climbs and angled for descents.

Traversing Hills

When traversing hills, maintain a side-step motion to stay stable. Keep your body perpendicular to the slope.

Always keep your weight on the uphill snowshoe.

Use a kick-step by kicking into the snow to create a foothold. This prevents slipping.

Poles are vital for balance. Plant the uphill pole first, then the downhill pole for stability.

If needed, practice in lesser slopes to build confidence. Employ the edging technique to dig the side of your snowshoe into the slope for better traction.